Conputer Fundamental

 

Computer Fundamental:  

Introduction: 

This is the era of computer. In every place computer is being used. For example if you go to super market, computer is being used to print the bill and keep the stock record of products. Even in school, a computer is used to keep the record of students and teachers these days. Nowadays, a computer is not much expensive. So, you can see computer in shops, offices, organizations, hospitals and almost at every working place.

Computer is an electronic device. It is programmable. The program performs a variety of tasks accurately and fast. Computer accepts the data and instructions from the user. It can process the data according to the instruction given to it by the user and give information to the user as output.

The word “Computer” is derived from the Latin word “COMPUTARE” which means to calculate or compute. In the past, the computer was normally considered as calculating device used to perform different calculations. But today’s modern computer is able to perform several tasks.

Definition of Computer

• Computer is an electronic machine which can accept raw data process them and gives the useful information to the user.

•   A computer is an electronic machine which generates information by processing raw data according to the prescribed sequence of instructions.

• A computer is an electronic machine, that takes data and instructions as an input, process the data according to the given set of instructions and gives the meaningful information as result.

A computer has four basic parts. They are Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor and System Unit (CPU tower).

Working of Computer:

Input                                                 Processing                               Output

(Keyboard/mouse)                                (CPU)                            (Monitor/Printer)

Input: The instruction/data given to a computer by user is called input. The information/data is given by using input device like mouse, keyboard, etc.

Processing: It the process of converting data into useful information is called processing.  Processing work is done by CPU (Central Processing Unit)

Output: The result after processing is called output. We can see the output in different output devices like monitor, printer, speaker, etc. We can get output in two ways;

i)                   Soft copy output and

ii)                Hard copy output

Soft-copy output: The output which is not permanent is called soft-copy output. Output in monitor and speaker are the example of soft-copy output.

Hard-copy output: The output which is permanent in nature is called hard-copy output. Output from Printer is example of hard-copy output.